Patients discussed in Part One include Dr. But Sacks claims that the paradigm of mental illness as a deficit is too narrow-first, because it marginalizes disorders of the right hemisphere of the brain, which can’t easily be understood as a deficit in a specific brain function, and second, because the paradigm underestimates subjects’ abilities to find ways of compensating for mental illness and making up for the “deficit.” He argues that the medical community tends to define almost all neurological disorders as deficits of some kind. In Part One, Sacks discusses neurological disorders that can be construed as deficits in an ordinary function of the brain. Oliver Sacks’s The Man Who Mistook His Wife for a Hat is divided into four parts, each of which consists of a series of brief case studies centered around some aspect of neurology, the field of science that deals with the nervous system.
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